Nut-lock.



To all whom, it may concerfi:

UNTTED STATES PATENT B e it known that I, JOHN Daim, a citizen Vof the United States, residing at Racine,

ARacine county, Wisconsin, have invented certain .new and useful Improvements in Nut-Locks; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe invention, such as will enable others skilled in `the art to which it appertains to 'make and use the same.

This invention relates to certainy improve- Lments in nut locks; and the objects and na- -tu're ofthe inventionwill bereadily understood by those skilled in the'art in the light of the following explanation of the accomdrawings illustratingowhat I nowv ieve to be the preferred em diment from among other format-ions and arrangements within the spirit and scope of my invention. An object of the invention is to provide an exceedingly simple, effective, positive -and durable nut lock that can be produce at a comparatively small cost and can -be applied to standard nuts and bolts without reuiring change in the structure or formation A further object of the -invention is to i provide a simple improved nut locking washer of such peculiar nature as to be caable of -taking hold of' or biting into the dies or elements facin or engaging its opl 'posite faces and to there y hold said washer and said several 'elements or bodies against independent rotation.'

The invention consists 'in certain novel features in structure, and in arrangements .or combinations as more fully and particularly pointed out hereinafter.

.Referring to the accompanying drawin Y:-'-Figure 1 is akperspective view of a boisa and nut, shbwing a nut lock in accordance with my invention interposed between said nut and the metal plate, beam or other structure throu h which said bolt passes, and locking-sah? tion. Fig. 2, is a sectional view. Fig. 3, is

. a perspective of the locking washer and the nut'receivin lwasher before application to the bolt an nut and showin them separated from each other. Fig. 4, 1s a cross sectional view on an enlarged scale showing v a portion of the structural element, and the retainer-forming washer and hard metal ring, the biting projections of the ring beshown driven into the material of the retainer and forming depressions therein.

Bpeoication of Letters Patent.

application mea Hay as, 1,912. serial No. 699,269.

nut againstVV loosening rotaoFFicE.l

Patented Dec.r31, 1912.

Fig. 5, is a detail perspective view of the retainer-forming washer showing the depressions pressed therein by the biting projections of the hard ring.

In the drawings, I show a bolt 1, passed through a metal beam, plate, or other structural element 2, and provided with a nut 3. The element 2, can represent a part of a motor vehicle, although my invention is not so limited, and this element can be composed of wood, metal or any other material receiving a bolt carrying a nut to be locked. In the example illustrated, two nut lookin elements are employed, to wit; a very hard material rin annulus or washer 4,.and a relatively-so t or malleable plate, retainer,- holder or washer 5. The element 4, is composed of exceedingly 'hard metal, preferably hard iron, in the trade usually known as cast hard iron. This hard iron is usually high'carbon charcoal iron such as employed in the manufacture of malleable iron and which is very hard before annealing, although I `do not wish to so limit all features of my invention.

-The element 4, can be in the form of a Y ring rectangular in cross section, although it can be otherwise formed to attain the functions hereinafter recited. In the example illustrated, tlie similar opposite side faces of this ring are cast or formed integral with projectin biting projections edges, or ribs 6, so t at both side faces o said element are provided with biting projections or portions, and usually these side faces are similar. 1 l

The element 5, is usually struck up from steel or other suitable metal that is relatively soft with respect to the locking element 4.- The element 5, forms an annular open-center cup or retainer receiving the ring l4, with its open center alined with the open center of the ring. The cup or retainer is formed with a circumferential portion surrounding the periphery of the ring, and with a'lat flange or face 7, receiving one side face of the ring. The cup or retainer leaves the opposite side face of the ring exposed and the depth of the cup is preferably less than the thickness of the ring so that the to be bent outwardly beside the nut, as hereinafter described.

In applying the devices, the ring 4, 1s

idly tighten the same on'the bolt'and against the retainer. The act of thus rigidly tightening the bolt drives the biting projections 'of the hard ring intothe element 2, and

also into the cup or retainer, thereby forming .depressions 9, in the retainer. When the nut has been thus tightened to .the desired degree, the lip 8, ofthe retainer is bent outwardly to a position against. the nut to lock and hold the nut against rotation independently of said retainer.

.The hard biting projections of the ring maintain a locking biting engagement with the element 2, and the ring is thereby positively held against rotation. The hard biting projections of said' ring also maintain a locking biting engagement withl the retainer and positively lock and hold said retainer against rotation. The projections of the ring are so hard that the act of tightening up the nut produces pressure causing vsaid teeth or projections to embed or bite into and positively enter or depress thematerials of the retainerl and element 2, and thereby lock the parts together against independent nut loosening movement.

The material of the ringis so hard as to sometimes be brittle, but by providing the encircling cup or retainer for ysuch ring, the parts thereof will be maintained -in operative locking relation by the cup, even though the ring fractures or breaks into several pieces when the nut is tightened up or thereafter.

This nut lock is particularly adapted for use in all kinds of machines subjected to excessive vibration and where bolts are used to secure various metal parts, although the invention is not so'limited.

It is evident that various changes, variations and modifications might be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of my inventionand hence I do not wish to limit myself to the exact disclosure hereof.

Wha-t Iclaim is,- y

1. A nut lock consisting of a relativelysoft-met-al washer cupped to form a retaining cup having a fiat projecting lip, and a hard metal ring in and encircled by said cup and having side face biting projections, substantially as described.

2. A nut lock comprising a non elastic rigid hard metal element having biting projections at opposite sides, and a relatively soft metal retainer ycomposed of a cupped washer receiving said element to hold it' against radial displacement and adapted to be engaged by a nut and thereby driven against said element to drive the projections thereof into said washer and into a structural element, said nut lock embodying means to hold the nut against retrogademovement on said washer.

3. A nut lock comprising a hard metal ring having biting projections at both .side faces, in combination with a relatively soft metal washer cupped to form a retainer receiving and encircling said ring to maintain the parts of the ring in operative relation in case of fracture of the ring, ysaid washer adapted tov be driven against said ring by a nut to force said projections into said washer and into the member against which the ring is forced by said washer, said nut lock embodying means to hold the nut against retrograde movement on said washer.

In testimony whereofl aliix my signature in the presence ofl two witnesses.

l JQHN DEAN..

Witnesses:

J. W. KNIGHT, R. W. VAN ORMME. 

